First, the mine dust

1. Overview of mine dust

In the production of coal mines, coal and rock fragmentation accompanying generated fine particles of coal, rocks and other solid materials called coal dust, referred to as dust. Mine dust refers to coal dust and rock dust generated during mine production.

According to the lithology of the dust, it can be divided into two types: coal dust and rock dust. Coal dust refers to fine particles of coal dust; rock dust refers to fine particles of rock dust.

According to the existence state of the dust, it can be divided into two types: floating dust and falling dust. Floating dust refers to the dust suspended in the air of the mine; the falling dust refers to the dust falling in the mine due to its own weight, deposited on the top of the roadway, the gang, the bottom plate and the object. The dust is affected and can be fluttered again to become floating dust.

2. Source of dust

The dust is mainly produced in the production process as the coal (rock) body is broken and transported to produce a large amount of dust.

3. The nature of the dust

Density, concentration of free silica in the dust, specific surface area, visibility, suspension, cohesiveness, wettability, pyrophoricity, explosiveness, chargeability.

4, the danger of mining dust

(1) Coal dust can burn and explode, causing damage to the mine and causing a large number of casualties.

(2) Ore occupational diseases, suspended ore dust inhaled human body for a long time, causing fibrotic lesions in the lung tissue, causing the lungs to lose elasticity, weakening or losing respiratory capacity, resulting in shortening of life. The occupational diseases of the dust are divided into coal lung disease and coal sputum lung. Disease and silicosis.

(3) Contaminated labor environment, affecting the line of sight and operation of operators, prone to accidents.

(4) Accelerate the damage of machinery and electrical equipment, and shorten the service life of precision instruments and meters.

Second, coal dust explosion accident

(1) Basic conditions for coal dust explosion

At the same time, it has three conditions: the coal dust itself is explosive and must be suspended in the air and reach a certain concentration (45-2000/gm3); the temperature of the ignition source is 700-800 °C; the oxygen concentration is not less than 18%.

The main characteristics of coal dust explosion are high temperature and high pressure shock waves; the generation of a large amount of harmful gases is an important cause of a large number of casualties; there are "pomace" and "sticky".

(2) Technical measures to prevent coal dust explosion

Technical measures to prevent coal dust explosion can be divided into three categories: dust prevention measures, explosion-proof measures, and explosion-proof measures.

Third, the main points of mine dust prevention measures

The main points are as follows: first, ventilation and dustproof; second, wet operation; third, purification of wind flow; fourth, dust prevention measures prescribed in the Regulations. The specific measures are:

1. For coal mining face, water cannon mud must be used for shooting coal. The water curtain should be set in each mining and returning roadway and each transfer point. The dust-collecting lanes should regularly clean the dust.

2. Drilling work surface must adopt wet rock drilling, using water cannon mud, spray watering, flushing rock before loading rock, purifying wind flow and personal dustproof and other comprehensive dustproof measures.

3. Eliminate the ignition source of the coal seam, eliminate the open flame, electric spark, arc and downhole mechanical friction sparks in the coal roadway, and maintain the proper temperature so that it can not reach the conditions of detonating coal dust.

4. Install dust collector to remove dust in places with more dust.

5. Workers must wear dust protection products.

Fourth, the mine comprehensive dust prevention measures

1. Establish a complete dust and water pipe system;

2. Coal seam water injection;

3. Spray watering;

4. Airflow purification;

5, the gun cannon water;

6, flushing lanes;

7, wet type of eye;

8. Watering in goaf;

9. Explosion-proof rock shed, water shed, and rock powder;

10. Brush the white roadway;

11. Personal protection;

12. The floating coal in the roadway is regularly removed.

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