Pyridine carboxylate Hydroxyl hydrazine and substituted 8-hydroxyquinoline chloride ion have little effect on the separation of Cu(II) by oxindole and 8-hydroxyquinoline chelating extractant (Ox), Fe(II). The curve for copper extraction by LIX64 N in a chloride solution is very similar to that in sulfate. pH o.5 is independent of the initial copper concentration of the aqueous phase, but is related to the concentration of the extractant. The pH o.5 of 2% and 25% LIX64N extracted copper is 1.4 and 0.7, respectively. Studies have shown that the copper extract is CuOx 2 , and no chloride ions are combined with the extracted Cu 2+ to be extracted into the organic phase. The copper extracted into the organic phase is easily acid stripped. Corn Thresher,Corn Thresher Machine,Electric Corn Thresher Machine,Maize Thresher Machine Hunan Nongyou Machinery Group CO.,LTD , https://www.ricemill.nl
Acorga, a subsidiary of British Imperial Chemistry (ICI), has registered a series of patents for the replacement of pyridyl esters, of which Acorga DS5443 (now called CLX50) is a pyridine carboxylic acid [1] . It has good selectivity for Cu 2+ in chloride solutions. The process of extracting copper can be written as:
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The extractant is directly assigned to Cu 2+ . The extraction process is independent of the acidity of the solution, and the loaded organic phase is back extracted with water. The extraction-back stripping equilibrium depends on the concentration of C1 - in the solution. DS5443 was extracted Cu +, Cu 2+ distribution curve and other ions as shown in FIG. 26% of the DS5443 is 0/A = 4.25/1. After secondary extraction, the copper in the raw material solution can be reduced from 40g/L to 0.4g/L. The stripping solution was an electrolytic lean liquid containing HC 15.5 g/L and Cu 14.45 g/L, and was subjected to secondary stripping at 0/A=1.61/1, and the obtained electrolytic rich liquid contained 40 g/L of copper. This extractant has good kinetic properties, and the extraction-back extraction and phase separation rate are faster than AcorgaP5100. 
The β -diketone Hoechst Chemical Company first developed an extractant for the replacement of β -diketones under the designation Hostarex DK16. Henkel also introduced a beta - diketone extractant based on LIX54, which is suitable for the extraction of copper in ammonia solutions. Thereafter, a product XI51 having a similar structure but having a terminal methyl group changed to a trifluoromethyl group was produced.
Electrolytic copper in the chloride solution can only produce copper powder, but can not form a plate cathode, which is its Achilles heel. In order to avoid electrolysis in the chloride, copper is sometimes transferred from the chloride solution to the human sulfate solution. A simple method is to extract with an amine, water stripping into a chloride solution, and then extracting with a cation exchange extractant, and then stripping with sulfuric acid to form a sulfate solution, which is obviously cumbersome.
The extraction of copper from the chloride medium with the mixed extractant LIX54 and trioctylamine can be transformed by washing and stripping. Trioctylamine first acts as an extractant, and then the organic phase is washed with ammonia to transfer C1 - to the aqueous phase. Under the condition of contact with the NH 3 solution, LIX54 in the organic phase can form an extract with Cu 2+ , retain it in the organic phase, and finally back-extract with H 2 SO 4 to obtain CuS0 4 without chloride ion and The H 2 SO 4 solution, the tertiary amine is converted to R 3 N·H 2 SO 4 . To avoid the H 2 SO 4 into the raffinate phase in contact with an organic solution of hydrochloric acid should be, so as to be converted to the amine hydrochloride salt.