Insect-resistant cotton high yield key cultivation techniques 2
**3 Bud Stage Management**
The main goal during the bud stage is to ensure strong and stable growth, with large buds and well-developed branches. The height of the cotton plant should be less than its length, and the top should remain hollowed to encourage better development.
**3.1 Top-dressing and Irrigation**: Based on soil fertility and the amount of base fertilizer applied, it's important to maintain the stability of the cotton plants. During this period, you can apply 10 kg of urea per mu as a top-dressing. If organic or phosphorus-potassium fertilizers were used as a base fertilizer, no additional application may be needed. After the wheat has dried out and there's no rain, create furrows (inter-row cultivation) and water the field once to promote even growth.
**3.2 Pruning**: When the first fruit branch appears, remove the lower branches of the fruit branch promptly while keeping all true leaves intact. This helps the plant focus its energy on developing stronger upper parts.
**3.3 Chemical Regulation**: As part of the production strategy, chemical regulation techniques such as "emptying" can be implemented from the beginning of the budding stage. The dosage should be adjusted based on the number of fruit branches. For example, when only one fruit branch is present, apply 1 mL of 25% helper prime per acre. If two fruit branches are present, increase the dose to 2 mL. Each spray should cover 15–25 kg of solution per acre to ensure balanced growth and prevent excessive vegetative growth.
**3.4 Pest Control**: Cotton bud disease usually does not require special treatment. However, pests like the first generation of cotton bollworms, aphids, and corn borers may appear. Most modern cotton varieties are resistant to *Helicoverpa armigera*, so the first generation typically doesn’t need control. During the bud stage, focus on controlling cotton aphids and corn borers. If the leaf rolling rate reaches 10% or more, take action immediately. For corn borer infestations, if 3% of the plants are damaged, apply conventional pesticides like monocrotophos at 1500 times dilution or omethoate at 1000 times. These treatments can also help manage both pests simultaneously. If only aphids are present, use 20% mitoxazole diluted 1500 times.
**4 Flowering Stage Management**
The key objective during this stage is to enhance boll formation and make full use of the effective flowering period.
**4.1 Re-application of Fertilizer**: To facilitate post-management, remove the plastic film before the flowers open or the canopy closes, then apply top-dressing fertilizer immediately. During the flowering and boll stage, it’s important to apply early fertilizer. Apply 12 kg of urea per acre. Depending on the crop’s condition, you may choose to apply additional fertilizer by late July. If the soil is fertile, it might not be necessary. Avoid applying fertilizer after August 5 to prevent overgrowth.
**4.2 Watering and Drainage**: During full flowering, avoid both drought and waterlogging. Timely irrigation can significantly boost yield, while excess water must be drained quickly to prevent root damage.
**4.3 Pest Control**: The main disease during this stage is cotton yellow wilt, especially Verticillium wilt. If symptoms appear, spray fulvic acid and foliar fertilizer every 5–7 days. Insect pests include the second and third generations of cotton bollworms and red spider mites. When the leaf-rolling rate reaches 5%, treat the field. If more than 10 bollworms per 100 plants are found, spray biological pesticides like BT or polyhedrosis virus (80–120 billion per mu). For severe infestations, apply phoxim at 1000 times dilution.
**4.4 Timely Defoliation**: In high-yield fields, defoliation should begin between July 15 and 20. Follow the principle of “wait for branches and see growth.†Once the fruit line between the middle branches is established, leave about three fruit nodes on the upper branches. To control tip and axillary bud growth, spray 20–30 ml of growth regulator per acre mixed with 30 kg of water.
**5 Late-stage Management**
The main focus during this stage is to protect the leaves from drought and promote early maturation.
**5.1 Watering**: If drought occurs after the fall, timely watering can help the plant make the most of the autumn and winter climate, ensuring the normal function of roots and leaves, particularly the functional ones, to support a high yield.
**5.2 Pest Control**: Insects such as the third generation of cotton bollworms and small green leafhoppers may appear. If pesticide use is necessary, prefer low-toxicity options to avoid damaging the leaves and extend their functional life.
**5.3 Top-dressing**: To prevent premature aging, fields that lacked sufficient nutrients earlier can be sprayed with potassium dihydrogen phosphate and foliar fertilizer two or three times during the season.
**5.4 Remove Unproductive Bolls**: Any unproductive bolls (commonly known as “four gate locksâ€) that develop after the start of autumn should be removed before and after August 10th.
**5.5 Anti-Bell Damage**: In the late season, even cloudy weather can cause poor boll development in early-maturing fields. To reduce losses, remove large bolls that have been on the plant for more than 40 days. Soak them in 0.5% to 1.0% ethephon solution to accelerate maturity. Bolls with dark spots on the bottom should also be treated similarly.
Submerged Arc Furnace,Ferroalloy Furnace,Energy Saving Submerged Arc Furnace,Metal Silicon Furnace
ANYANG YOUNENGDE ELECTRIC CO.,LTD , https://www.younengde.com