Cement industrial kilns on the active dust removal equipment for technological innovation and transformation has become increasingly urgent. At present, there are three kinds of proposals for the technological renovation of flue gas dust removal in cement kiln: one is to increase the electric field on the current electric dust remover and increase the dust collection area of ​​the electric dust remover to increase the dust collection efficiency (electric power reform); the other is to directly use the cloth bag Dust remover (electric change bag); the third is to increase the bag filter on the basis of electrostatic precipitator, using electric bag compound dust removal technology. There are advantages and disadvantages of each of the three schemes, in which the electric bag composite dust collector combines the dust collection features of the electrostatic precipitator and the bag dust collector. Under the condition of meeting the high standard of discharge, the workload of the reforming project is relatively small, , Cost-effective, easy operation and maintenance, etc., are widely used in the efficiency improvement of electrostatic precipitators. Electric Bag Compound Dust Collector is a new generation of high-efficiency dust-removing equipment which combines electric dust-removing and bag filter organically in a box. The electric bag compound dust removal technology combines the advantages of electric dust removal and bag dust removal. Its mechanism is "charging and collecting dust" and "intercepting and filtering". In the electric field with a smaller energy consumption to remove about 80% of the coarse particles of dust to reduce the dust bag filter load; the use of electric dust particles between the role of coagulation and improve the characteristics of the dust layer, resulting in a new charge Dust filtration characteristics of the mechanism: coagulation of heterosexual charge particles and the formation of large particles of dust to improve the capture rate of fine particles; same-sex charges repel each other and rapidly spread to form a uniform distribution of the airgel suspension, so that the filter bag surface to achieve the rules Order, fluffy, breathable, dust layer porosity, peeling good. Therefore, the use of lower cleaning pressure (0.25MPa), can achieve a more ideal cleaning effect, thereby extending the filter bag cleaning cycle and filter bag life. In the electric reforming electric bag project, the original structure of the shell of the original precipitator, the inlet horn, the ash discharging device, the airflow distribution device and the first electric field (or the first two electric fields are reserved according to actual conditions and user requirements) are generally reserved or updated Transformation. Behind a few electric fields will be transformed into bag dust area. After the completion of the transformation, the main structure of the electric bag composite precipitator can be roughly divided into: electric dust removal part, bag dust removal part, air outlet flue, bypass system, grate cooler water cooling system and other parts. Electricity reform bag project requires the system to take into account the major components of the entire dust collector's characteristics and role, as well as the interaction between the various parts and effects, but also to consider the dust collector is directly related to the transformation of induced draft fan. The following mainly on the electric part of the dust removal part of the dust bag area, bypass system, grate cooler water cooling system design points are described. Look at the electric area dust removal section. Electrostatic precipitator is located in the forefront of the electric bag composite dust collector, its role is to conduct a dust removal into the flue gas to remove most of the coarse particles in the flue gas and a considerable amount of small and medium-sized particulate dust, significantly reduce dust into the bag Part of the flue gas dust concentration and dust particles charged. In the bag dusting part, the effect of the electric charge between the dust particles makes the objectively that the dust layer formed on the surface of the filter bag when the filter bag is filtered is relatively loose, and the filtration resistance is greatly reduced than that of the pure bag filter. In the electric area part of the transformation design, at least to ensure that at least an electric field of the dust removal efficiency of 80% or more, to meet this requirement must meet the following conditions: to meet the efficiency of adequate dust collection area; into the electric field airflow distribution uniformity ; To ensure the normal operation of the original equipment, electrical area of ​​the restoration of maintenance, including the pole spacing adjustment, hammer, hammer anvil replacement. The transformation of the electric area is generally mainly for recovery and overhaul. For the long service life of the original equipment and serious damage to the inside of the electric area, all internal parts will be replaced to ensure the normal operation of the electric area. Bag dust removal part contains the filter bag, injection system design, cleaning methods of choice. The filter bag is the core part of the precipitator. The appropriate fiber material should be selected according to the composition and temperature of the flue gas. According to the emission requirements and the life of the filter bag, the filter bag should be selected according to the economy. Cement rotary kiln tail bag filter dust can be selected P84 (polyimide) filter, glass fiber membrane filter, P84 fiberglass composite membrane covered filter; kiln head can choose Nomex or glass fiber Film filter. Gas bag design using the principle of atmospheric package, so you can ensure that when the gas bag pressure loss is relatively small, but from the manufacturing, installation and economic considerations gas bag should not be done too much, so each gas bag can be mutual Connected, both to ensure that the instantaneous pressure loss spray and reduce the gas bag volume. At present, the main dust removal method of bag filter is pulse injection technology, which is mainly composed of pulse valve, air bag, injection pipe and pulse injection control system. Injection control system uses a matrix circuit, through the ranks of the trigger to control the pulse valve, the advantage of doing so is to save PLC output points, reducing the number of cables, reducing investment costs. The cleaning method adopts on-line timing cleaning, on-line setting resistance cleaning, off-line cleaning, off-line combination of cleaning a variety of ways, although these several independent but coexist, and can be manually controlled and automatic control of each switch. Bypass system. When the system appears high temperature flue gas, especially when the cement kiln waste heat boiler is not working, it is necessary to set a bypass device on the gas path, so that most of the flue gas is bypassed to protect the filter bag. Setting a by-pass device on the gas path requires that the valve be well sealed or a short circuit to the flue gas (as long as a one-thousandth leak) will cause the duster to fail to meet the emission standard. To achieve "zero leakage" and maintenance-free requirements when the bypass is closed, a preferred method is to use an integral double-layer steel bypass valve with a double flap valve up and down at a certain distance The corresponding valve seat to achieve double rigid seal, valve plate and valve seat made in the processing of the whole. Grate cooler water cooling system. Kiln electrostatic precipitator bag filter or bag filter in the absence of waste heat boiler or waste heat boiler outage when the operating temperature is relatively high, in order to avoid damage caused by high temperature flue gas filter bag, you can set the water cooling device. A set of nozzles is arranged between the top waste heat boiler pipe on the grate cooler and the inlet pipe of the precipitator, the cooling water enters the frequency conversion pump through the cut-off valve of the water tank, and is connected with the water inlet of the nozzle through the check valve, the stop valve, Into the grate cooler, by adjusting the pump speed can be adjusted nozzle sprayed water. To prevent the nozzle from getting clogged with dust when the nozzle is not filled with cooling water, the nozzle can be purged with compressed air on the bypass. Spray cooling device control is based on the grate cooler temperature signal from a PLC controller, flue gas into the precipitator normal temperature <160 ℃. When the temperature rises to 180 ° C, the controller should close the compressed air valve on the bypass and start the pump. When the temperature rises to 190 ° C, the stop valve on the outlet side of the pump is opened and water is sprayed into the grate cooler through the pipe and nozzle. Practical project application case The flue gas inlet flue gas parameters before the remodeling of single-chamber four-chamber electric field of 5000t / d cement kiln head in Qilian Mountains in Qinghai Province are as follows: Air volume: 730000m3 / h; Gas temperature: 200 ~ 250 ℃ 30g / Nm3. Remodeling dust collector performance requirements: export emission concentration: ≤ 20mg / Nm3; equipment operation resistance: ≤ 1200Pa. Reform programs and implementation 1) Maintain and repair the internal components of an electric field of the electric precipitator, repair and correct an electric field anode plate, adjust the pole pitch, and airtightly weld the shell leakage point. 2) dismantling the remaining three electric field layout bag filter bags, retaining the top of the original dust collector
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